What is the maximum number of branch circuits that shall be provided for bathroom receptacle outlets?

In residential electrical installations, the National Electrical Code (NEC) specifies that bathrooms are required to have at least one dedicated branch circuit specifically for receptacle outlets. However, it's not just about fulfilling a minimum requirement; considerations for safety, convenience, and the electrical load of devices typically found in bathrooms come into play.

Having two branch circuits for bathroom receptacle outlets allows for greater flexibility. It accommodates multiple devices that might be used simultaneously, such as hairdryers, electric razors, and other personal grooming devices, which can create a substantial load. In addition, this setup helps prevent overloading a single circuit, thus enhancing the safety and reliability of the electrical system in bathrooms, where moisture can increase the risk of electrical hazards.

This approach adheres to the principle of providing adequate power supply in areas where multiple high-demand electrical devices are implemented, ensuring that the circuits can handle peak loads without tripping or creating hazardous conditions. In contrast, having only one circuit could potentially lead to circuit overloads when multiple devices are plugged in, which is why two is the recommended number.