Which device is designed to protect personnel by de-energizing a circuit when ground current exceeds a certain value?

The device designed to protect personnel by de-energizing a circuit when ground current exceeds a certain value is the Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI). This device continuously monitors the electrical current flowing through connected circuits. If it detects that the current is not evenly balanced—indicating a leakage current that could pose a risk of electric shock—it will quickly disconnect the power supply, effectively protecting individuals from potential harm.

GFCIs are commonly used in areas where the risk of ground faults is higher, such as kitchens, bathrooms, and outdoor locations. Their key functionality lies in their ability to react almost instantaneously, which minimizes the risk of serious injury or fatal accidents associated with electrical shocks.

While other devices, such as surge protectors, play a crucial role in protecting equipment from voltage spikes, they do not serve the primary purpose of safeguarding personnel against ground fault conditions. Similarly, power factor correction devices and current regulators are geared towards improving electrical efficiency and stability rather than providing direct protection from ground fault currents.